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In the heart of the Amazon, the oldest jungle in the world dating back 75 million years, there is a miraculous place where all forms of life on earth seem to be concentrated, the Tambopata Reserve in Peru. All studies to date show that it is one of the richest and most biodiverse regions on our planet. Located in the department of Madre de Dios, Tambopata is just half an hour by plane from Cusco. The reserve is 3.7 million acres of rainforest created in 1990 by the national government working in conjunction with the Wildlife Conservation Society, Conservation International, and local grassroots and conservation organizations. The Tambopata Reserve protects the biological diversity of the Tamava and Candamo river basins and most of the Tambopata River basin. The declaration and design of the reserve includes an underlying philosophy of sustainable development and conservation of forest resources. Three different ecosystems converge in this incredible biological community: the Amazon plain, the eastern slopes of the Andes and the Pampa. This quirk of nature allows at least 11 different types of forests to coexist.
The Tambopata Reserve protects habitats ranging from the Andean highlands around river headwaters through some of the last remaining cloud forests, to the lowland rainforests of the Amazon Basin. More than 1,300 species of birds (including 32 species of parrots - 10% of the world total), 200 species of mammals, 90 species of frogs, 1,200 species of butterflies, 94 species of fish, 135 types of ants, 40 species of termites, 39 varieties of bees and 10,000 species of higher plants are protected within this reserve, and scientists continue to discover new species here. Within this reserve, less than 500 meters (1,640 feet) from the Tambopata Research Center, one of our most recommended refuges, is the largest mineral clay lake in the world, where hundreds of parrots and macaws gather daily to ingest the Reserve detoxifying clay.
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